27 % of Humans may be deficient in Manganese

Manganese is a trace mineral and is present in tiny amounts (20 milligrams) in the body, mostly in the bones, kidneys, liver and pancreas. It works primarily as a co enzyme that facilitates various metabolic processes in the body such as bone formation, thyroid function, formation of connective tissues, sex hormone function, calcium absorption, blood sugar regulation, immune function and fat and carbohydrate metabolism.

It acts as an antioxidant in the form of manganese superoxide dismutase which is the principal antioxidant in the mitochondria. Mitochondira are especially vulnerable to oxidation stress. It is also essential to metabolism, bone development and wound healing.

There is no RDA for manganese but an adequate intake level (AI) has been established. For adult males the AI is 2.3 mg/day. For females it is 1.8 mg/day. Manganese deficiency is very rare in humans and is usually a result o poor diet. Increasingly, experts estimate that 37% of the population may be deficient due to poor diet and eating habits. There are factors that can contribute to deficiency. Manganese can be excreted through sweat. Chronic liver or gallbladder disorders may also cause deficiency.

High doses of manganese my inhibit the absorption of iron, copper and zinc. High intakes of magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, copper and zinc my inhibit the absorption of manganese.

Foods that are rich in manganese are whole grains, nuts, leafy vegetables and teas.


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